See fto on Wiktionary
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kto"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podegrodzie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "72 14 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 4 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 3 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 23 23 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of kto"
],
"id": "en-fto-pl-pron-w8CzlWXZ",
"links": [
[
"kto",
"kto#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Podegrodzie) alternative form of kto"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈftɔ]",
"note": "Podegrodzie"
}
],
"word": "fto"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:kto",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nSilesian fto\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"that\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*só\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*tas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*tъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*to\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kъto\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"kto\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Silesian\", \"term\" : \"fto\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"szl\" }\" data-lang=\"szl\" data-title=\"fto\">\nInherited from Old Polish kto.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nSilesian fto\nInherited from Old Polish kto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kōmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gdo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "fto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fto"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fto"
]
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nifto"
},
{
"word": "żŏdyn"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 41 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ","
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "And who's the smart one now?",
"text": "No i fto terŏzki je mōndry?",
"translation": "And who's the smart one now?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-fto-szl-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kery"
}
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 41 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"english": "It's someone that I like!",
"text": "To je ftoś, kogo lubiã!",
"translation": "It's someone that I like!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-fto-szl-pron-btAzcUC91",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative) who"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kery"
},
{
"word": "co"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person",
"relative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 41 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"someone"
],
"id": "en-fto-szl-pron-KlnVnjgJ",
"links": [
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ftoś"
}
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈftɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "fto"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kto"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Podegrodzie Polish",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish pronouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of kto"
],
"links": [
[
"kto",
"kto#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Podegrodzie) alternative form of kto"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈftɔ]",
"note": "Podegrodzie"
}
],
"word": "fto"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Rhymes:Silesian/ɔ",
"Rhymes:Silesian/ɔ/1 syllable",
"Silesian entries with etymology texts",
"Silesian entries with etymology trees",
"Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Silesian interrogative pronouns",
"Silesian lemmas",
"Silesian pronouns",
"Silesian terms derived from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Silesian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷ-",
"Silesian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *kʷós",
"Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Silesian terms with audio pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:kto",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nSilesian fto\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"that\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"this\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*só\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*tas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*tъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*to\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*kъto\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"kto\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Silesian\", \"term\" : \"fto\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"szl\" }\" data-lang=\"szl\" data-title=\"fto\">\nInherited from Old Polish kto.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nSilesian fto\nInherited from Old Polish kto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kōmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gdo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "fto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fto"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"fto"
]
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nifto"
},
{
"word": "żŏdyn"
}
],
"categories": [
"Silesian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ","
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "And who's the smart one now?",
"text": "No i fto terŏzki je mōndry?",
"translation": "And who's the smart one now?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kery"
}
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Silesian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"english": "It's someone that I like!",
"text": "To je ftoś, kogo lubiã!",
"translation": "It's someone that I like!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative) who"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kery"
},
{
"word": "co"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person",
"relative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"someone"
],
"links": [
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ftoś"
}
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈftɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "fto"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fto meaning in All languages combined (6.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Podegrodzie",
"path": [
"fto"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "fto",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Podegrodzie",
"path": [
"fto"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "fto",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.